越南政府网站宣称，“春节”是南亚语系先民和百越部落发明的，而后被中国人抄袭，为何越南从上到下的教育都如此失败

The Vietnamese government website claims that "Tet" or Chinese New Year was invented by proto-Austroasiatic and Baiyue tribes, then Chinese copied it. Why education is failed in Vietnam from top to down?

越南政府网站宣称，“春节”（越南称“Tết” ）是南亚语系先民和百越部落发明的，而后被中国人抄袭。为何越南从上到下的教育都如此失败呢？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

Scott P

You are forcing your way into Chinese culture, and you are right that all small countries use nationalism to civilize their people, especially when there is a powerful civilization that has survived for thousands of years next to it. The fundamental problem of Chinese New Year is the calendar, which requires a long time (decades and hundreds of years) to observe astronomy, record astronomy, and then form a calendar through calculation, and then revise it through continuous observation. In other words, observation is the basic of the calendar, and recording is the focus of the calendar. Observation requires astronomical observatories, and the government has set up a department of sky surveillance, and it requires large-scale observation, from south to north, from west to east. The result in this case is that small countries are not able to do this (e.g. South Korea, Vietnam) because of the large number of record samples required. As I said just now, observation needs to be recorded, and recording needs writing, and of course this writing must be Chinese characters. Even if ancient Vietnam and ancient Korea were independent states, what script did they use? This will further explain that Vietnam and Korea are all part of China because they all use Chinese characters.

你们这是在强行融入中国文化。不得不说，所有小国都喜欢用民族主义来教化民众，尤其是当身边存在一个延续了数千年的强大文明时。春节的根本在于历法，制定历法需要长时间（数十年乃至数百年）对天文现象进行观测、记录，再通过计算形成，并且要不断观察来修订。也就是说，观测是历法的基础，记录是关键。观测需要天文台，政府还得设立天象观测部门，而且需要大规模的观测，从南到北、从西到东。在这种情况下，像韩国、越南这样的小国根本无法做到，因为这需要大量的记录样本。就像我刚才说的，观测需要记录，记录需要文字，而这个文字必然是汉字。即便古代的越南和朝鲜是独立国家，他们用的是什么文字呢？这进一步说明，越南和朝鲜都曾是中国的一部分，因为他们都使用汉字。

After the calendar came out, there was one part that the Vietnamese found difficult to justify. That is, there are 24 solar terms in the calendar, and the 24 solar terms are Frost's Descent, Minor Cold and Major Cold. Vietnam is in the subtropical climate, where the frost, minor cold, major cold. Vietnam has always had its own ambitions, understandable, but China still exsts, it is not desirable to want to plunder Chinese culture by other means, the Japanese are very hate, but the Japanese have a point to admit that culture comes from China, and use the Gregorian calendar to celebrate. Vietnam and South Korea have little ability, but have always had the ambition to dominate Chinese culture.

历法出现后，越南人发现有一部分内容很难自圆其说。那就是历法中有24节气，其中包括霜降、小寒和大寒。而越南处于亚热带气候，哪来的霜、小寒和大寒呢。越南一直都有自己的野心，这可以理解，但中国依然存在，越南企图通过其他手段掠夺中国文化，这就不可取了。日本人很让人讨厌，但他们有一点不得不承认，即日本承认文化源自中国，并且采用公历庆祝节日。越南和韩国没什么能力，却一直妄图主导中国文化。

Here again, the Vietnamese have always been reluctant to admit that their culture comes from China. But they want to steal Chinese culture and think of themselves as little China, higher than other countries in Southeast Asia. It must be pointed out here that Vietnam used to be an Annam province of China and was forced to become independent in the 18th century due to French invasion. Vietnamese clothing, also originated in China, but the current Vietnamese have always strongly denied this. Why are Vietnamese costumes so similar to Chinese Ming costumes and so different from Southeast Asian countries such as Cambodia and Laos? Southeast countries are more cool and subtropical climate dress, while Vietnam is like China, so heavy.

Finally, Vietnam, the more you try to deny China's influence on you and make up your own history, the more confused you will be and the more you will lose yourself.

这里再次强调，越南人一直不愿承认他们的文化源自中国。但他们却想窃取中国文化，还自认为是 “小中华”，觉得自己高于东南亚其他国家。必须指出，越南曾是中国的安南省，18世纪因法国入侵才被迫独立。越南服饰同样起源于中国，但如今的越南人却一直强烈否认这一点。为什么越南服饰与中国明代服饰如此相似，却与柬埔寨、老挝等东南亚国家差异巨大呢？东南亚国家的服饰更清凉，符合亚热带气候，而越南服饰却和中国的一样，如此厚重。

最后，越南，你越是试图否认中国对你的影响，编造自己的历史，就会越发迷茫，越发迷失自我。

The Bloodshed Never Ends

Ignoring the political tone of this question, the answer contained in the question is indeed true. Baiyue pre-exsted both present-day China and Vietnam and were an agricultural people responsible for spreading rice-cultivation to Southeast Asia.

The actual linguistic affiliations of the Baiyue are unknown. They could have been Austroasiatic, Kradai or Hmong-Mien. Since Baiyue were influential in spreading rice farming to the Northern Sinitic peoples, they were probably the originators of ‘Tet’ and the lunar calendar.

Most educational systems impart a nationalistic spin to their curriculum. Both Vietnam and China are doing the same thing, so I cannot say one educational system is superior to the other in this respect.

抛开这个问题中的政治色彩不谈，问题里包含的答案确实有一定道理。百越族在现今的中国和越南出现之前就已存在，他们是农耕民族，将水稻种植传播到了东南亚。

百越族实际的语言归属尚不明确。他们可能属于南亚语系、侗台语系或苗瑶语系。鉴于百越族在向北方汉民族传播水稻种植方面发挥了重要作用，他们很可能是 “春节”（Tet）和农历的始创者。

大多数教育体系都会在课程中融入民族主义色彩。越南和中国都在这么做，所以在这方面，我不能说一方的教育体系就优于另一方。

Bang Na 2

Why do Vietnamese people believe that the celebration of the Chinese New Year came from Vietnam?

Not all Vietnamese think so!

Most Vietnamese do not care about the origin of Tet. They just assumed that it was the tradition of their predecessors and they followed.

Others believe that Tet has its origin in Vietnam because they consider themselves descendants of the Bach Viet people (Baiyue). Because the Bach Viet people who used to live south of the Yangtze River were rice growers different from the northern Chinese who were nomads. According to them, Tet is the occasion when rice farmers celebrate the past rice crop, marking a year of their hard work. And prepare for a new year of rice planting. Therefore, Tet takes place after the winter weather passes and the warm spring comes to them. They began to celebrate and prepare to plant new rice for the next crop. This is also a favorable time to plant rice when the spring weather is warm, the dead root of the rice has rotted, making the soil lush and the sprouts will sprout and grow quickly thanks to the spring rains.

为什么越南人会认为春节起源于越南呢？

并非所有越南人都这么认为！

大多数越南人并不在意春节（越南称“Tết”）的起源。他们只是觉得这是先辈传下来的传统，便一直沿袭着。

另一些人认为春节起源于越南，是因为他们自认为是百越族的后裔。因为曾生活在长江以南的百越族是种植水稻的民族，与北方以游牧为生的人不同。在他们看来，春节是稻农庆祝过去一季水稻丰收的时刻，标志着他们一年的辛勤劳作。同时，春节也是为新一年水稻种植做准备的时候。所以，春节在寒冬过去、温暖的春天来临时举行。这时，他们开始庆祝，并准备种下新一季的水稻。春季气候温暖，水稻的残根已经腐烂，土壤肥沃，春雨滋润，新芽能迅速萌发，此时种植水稻最为适宜。

Traditional Tet altar of Vietnamese people

But in my opinion, Tet is the culture of East Asia people. It is a cultural cluster and the common heritage of a group of people. Saying that means Tet has no origin. It is not of China, Vietnam, Korea or Japan.... People come from ancient times that are not divided into states or races. They live together and form cultural clusters. It would be funny if someone took the common cultural features of a cultural cluster as their own. Just think, one day America, Germany or Italy will declare Christmas, New Year or Easter as their own. And other countries are copying them or stealing from them. So funny!

Anyway, I don't know who you are, what country are you from? But if you read this article, the New Year is also coming, wish you and your family a very happy new year!

Decorate the gate of the Vietnamese house on Tet holiday. In the photo, there is a tree called a Neu tree that is a feature of Vietnamese people

越南人的传统春节祭台

但在我看来，春节是东亚人民共有的文化。它是一种文化集群，是一群人的共同遗产。这么说意味着春节并没有单一的起源。它既不属于中国、越南，也不属于韩国或日本…… 古代的人们并没有国家或种族之分。他们共同生活，形成了文化集群。如果有人把一个文化集群的共同文化特征据为己有，那可就太可笑了。想象一下，要是有一天美国、德国或者意大利宣称圣诞节、新年或者复活节是他们独有的，而其他国家是在模仿或剽窃他们，是不是很滑稽！

不管怎样，我不知道你是谁，来自哪个国家。但如果你读到这篇文章，新年也即将来临，祝你和你的家人新年快乐！

春节期间装饰越南房屋的大门。照片中有一棵树叫“neu树”，这是越南人的特色。

Minh Tri

How similar is Chinese New Year and Vietnamese New Year?

They are the same thing. Any Vietnamese who tries to tell you that they’re different is just too stubborn to accept the truth.

No matter whether we like it or not, we must give credit where credit is due.

The ancient Chinese perfected their calendar system and since they were the dominant force, neighboring countries adopted that system.

中国新年（春节）和越南新年有多相似？

它们本质上是一回事。要是有越南人试图告诉你二者不同，那是他们太过固执，不愿接受事实。

不管我们愿不愿意，都该实事求是。

古代中国人完善了历法体系，由于当时中国的影响力强大，周边国家纷纷采用了这一历法。

It was mandatory for Vietnam, Japan and Korea to use the Chinese calendar because of China’s political dominance. Just like today all countries in the world use the Gregorian Calendar whether they like it or not. Japan, Korea and Vietnam received enormous cultural influences from China and adopted most Chinese traditional holidays. Just like today, all countries put on display for Christmas because of Western influence.

It is a fact that most traditions observed during Vietnamese New Year are derived and shared with Chinese culture. Traditions like lion dancing, red envelopes, red couplets, give new year greetings to relatives and the elders, light incense and worship ancestors. There are also superstitions such as not swee your house on first new year day. Of course, there are minor differences, but they are different even within China and within Vietnam. These minor differences are not big enough to completely disregard the holiday of its Chinese origin.

因为中国在政治上的主导地位，越南、日本和韩国都曾必须使用中国农历。就像如今，无论喜欢与否，全世界所有国家都采用公历一样。日本、韩国和越南深受中国文化影响，接纳了大多数中国传统节日。就像现在，由于西方文化的影响，所有国家都会在圣诞节有所庆祝活动。

事实上，越南新年期间遵循的大多数传统都源自中国文化，且与中享。比如舞狮、发红包、贴红对联、向亲戚和长辈拜年、焚香祭祖等传统习俗。还有一些迷信说法，比如新年第一天不扫地。当然，细微差异是存在的，但在中国国内不同地区，以及越南国内不同地区，也都存在差异。这些细微差异不足以否认这个节日起源于中国这一事实。

Here are common arguments (excuses) Vietnamese use and my refute:

All agriculture countries observe the lunar new year.

Yes but in fact, with the exception of Chinese people, only Vietnamese and Koreans celebrate the Chinese Lunar New Year. All other countries with lunar calendar celebrate their new year at a different time because there is NO SINGLE lunar calendar. The Chinese calendar is very different from all other lunar calendars

2. Historical records show that Vietnamese have celebrated Lunar New year far longer than the Chinese and before Chinese contact

The coincidence between Vietnamese, Chinese and Korean New Year is too large to consider this a logical argument. If you think about it, it makes no sense that China, a big powerful country, would have adopted a holiday of a people that they were ruling over as their biggest holiday. It makes even less sense that the Koreans would also accepted this holiday. If you think about it Vietnamese never ruled China, but Chinese have ruled Vietnam for more than 1000 years.

以下是越南人常见的观点（借口）以及我的反驳：

1. 所有农业国家都过农历新年。

是的，但实际上，除了中国人，只有越南人和韩国人庆祝中国农历新年。其他使用农历的国家，其新年庆祝时间都不同，因为并不存在单一的农历。中国农历与其他所有农历都大不相同。

2. 历史记录显示，越南人庆祝农历新年的时间比中国人早得多，甚至在与中国有接触之前就开始了。

越南、中国和韩国新年的诸多巧合，多到让人无法认同这是个合理的观点。仔细想想，中国这样一个强大的大国，会把自己统治下的民族的节日，当作本国最重要的节日，这说不通。韩国人也接受这个节日就更说不通了。再想想，越南从未统治过中国，但中国统治越南长达一千多年。

3. China is not the only one with Lunar New Year. All Southeast Asian countries celebrate it too, thus it should not be Chinese New Year

I always feel like facepalming with this comment. In fact, those people celebrating Chinese New Year in Southeast Asia are ethnic Chinese people. There are large Chinese communities in southeast Asia. Again, besides the Chinese, only Vietnamese and Koreans celebrate the Chinese New Year. Next time when a Vietnamese point to you that Thai and Malaysians also celebrate Lunar New Year, kindly remind them that those are ethnic Chinese. And kindly remind them also that the majority of Singaporeans are ethnic Chinese.

4. Chinese and Vietnamese New Year occur at a different time

I believe every few decades Chinese New Year and Vietnamese New Year will have a time difference of one day due to the 1 hour difference between Vietnam and China. This is really a ridiculous argument because the difference caused by time zones is quite insignificant. If you think about it, US and Australia celebrate New Year on a different day because of the time difference…

Nationalism has made many Vietnamese annoying and unbearable, and also losing any sense of logical reasoning.

3. 并非只有中国有农历新年。所有东南亚国家都庆祝，所以不该叫中国新年。

每次听到这种言论我都想捂脸。实际上，在东南亚庆祝中国新年的是华人。东南亚有大量的华人社区。再说一次，除了中国人，只有越南人和韩国人庆祝中国新年。下次要是有越南人跟你说泰国人和马来西亚人也庆祝农历新年，你就善意地提醒他们，那些是华人。同时也善意提醒他们，新加坡大部分人口也是华人。

4. 中国新年和越南新年的时间不一样。

我记得每隔几十年，由于越南和中国有1小时的时差，中国新年和越南新年会有一天的时间差。这真是个荒谬的观点，因为时区造成的差异微不足道。想想看，美国和澳大利亚因为时差，庆祝新年的日子也不一样

民族主义让很多越南人变得讨厌、让人难以忍受，也让他们丧失了基本的逻辑推理能力。

Neky

Why do Vietnamese people celebrate Chinese New Year?

I think you made the question with the thought that ‘Vietnamese are not close to China. Then, why do they celebrate the Chinese New Year?’.

“Chinese New Year” is NOT called something “Chinese” in other countries near China like Vietnam, Korea, Japan. Rather, it should be called as “Lunar New Year”.

Celebrating the Lunar New Year in East Asia (except for Japan; only before the modern era) is like celebrating Christmas in the West regardless of their identities. Does celebrating Christmas mean that the Westerners are close to Hebrew? No. Christmas is just Christmas. Nothing more in this era. Likewise, Lunar New Year is just no more than a culture. It’s not related to China anymore outside of China

为什么越南人庆祝中国新年？

我觉得你提出这个问题，心里想着“越南和中国关系并不亲近，那他们为什么要庆祝中国新年呢？”

在越南、韩国、日本等中国周边国家，“中国新年”并不被称作与“中国”相关的什么东西。确切地说，它应该被叫做“农历新年”。

在东亚（日本除外，日本仅在近代以前庆祝），庆祝农历新年就如同西方人庆祝圣诞节一样，无关身份。难道庆祝圣诞节就意味着西方人跟希伯来人关系亲近吗？并非如此。在当下这个时代，圣诞节就是圣诞节，仅此而已。同样，农历新年也只是一种文化，在国外，它与中国不再有什么关联。