日本汽车能否抗住中国电动汽车的竞争

Can Japan’s Carmakers Survive China’s EV Threat?

日本汽车能否抗住中国电动汽车的威胁？

Japanese carmakers like Honda and Nissan are losing market share at an alarming rate, especially in Southeast Asia. Their decline comes just as China is taking the lead in electrification.

This raises the question: Can the once mighty Japanese car brands rally in the face of this threat?

本田和日产等日本汽车制造商正以惊人的速度失去市场份额，尤其是在东南亚地区。它们的衰落恰逢中国在汽车电动化领域占据领先地位之时。

这就引出了一个问题：这些曾经强大的日本汽车品牌，面对这一威胁能否重振旗鼓？

以下是外国网友的评论：

ibnebadr367
when did competition became a “threat”

竞争啥时候就成“威胁”了啊？

LordANIK
Ultimately, the company which provides the best car in the cheapest price will Win this Race.

说到底，能造出性价比最高汽车的公司，才能在这场竞争里胜出。

Archer - hg9rw
Duh, but what makes that possible? You need a lot of cheap and experienced labor, a lot of smart young people and access to cheap materials it’s not as simple as you describe it

得了吧，哪有那么容易做到？你得有大把廉价又有经验的劳动力，一堆聪明的年轻人，还得能拿到便宜的原材料，哪是你说的那么轻松。

SummerSausage
@Archer - hg9rw no you don't building a car can be done by anyone. thats why ALL auto jobs don't require any education

@Archer - hg9rw 你可拉倒吧，造车谁不会啊。所以汽车行业的活儿压根不需要啥学历。

yunhanchen
There have been a couple of studies on this. They found that the low costs of Chinese cars were mostly due to manufactiring methods, vertical supply integration, and labor costs

关于这事儿已经有不少研究了。研究发现中国汽车成本低，主要靠制造工艺、垂直供应链整合，还有劳动力成本低这些因素。

oomotology8571
Didn’t they call it Japanese threat 50 years ago?

50年前他们不还把日本（汽车产业）当成威胁嘛？

ichigokurosaki2838
Why does China's EV's have to be a threat?

凭啥中国电动车就一定得是个威胁呢？

jimjamvii6747
I don't see an issue with the word "threat", especially in a business context. It's what T stands for in SWOT used for competitive analysis for businesses.

我觉得“威胁”这词没啥毛病啊，尤其在商业领域。这就是企业竞争分析里SWOT模型里“T”代表的意思啊。

scholarssolutions6735
@jimjamvii6747 In an equal world, that would be true. But you wouldn't see Americans describing their products going into foreign markets as a "threat" to those foreign companies. Instead, you would see the US politicians and elites throwing tantrums if other companies sanction US firms.

@jimjamvii6747 要是世界公平，这话没错。但你啥时候见过美国把自家进入外国市场的产品，说成是对外国公司的“威胁”啊？反倒是别的公司制裁美国公司的时候，美国政客和精英就开始撒泼打滚了。

LuZhao - z4q
@KVT - BTI I agree. US will sanction Chinese company when US companies can’t complete.

我同意。美国公司竞争不过的时候，就会制裁中国公司。

yslee1401
Chinese vehicles are a joke. Batteries die prematurely and goes thermal runaway all the time

中国车就是个笑话。电池老早就不行了，还老是热失控。

yslee1401
@KVT - BTI that’s why Canada banned them, EU slapped a 45% tariff and US mistakenly slapped a 10% tariff on Chinese goods. It’s should have been 100%

所以加拿大禁了中国车，欧盟加征45%的关税，美国对中国商品只加征10%的关税，这都算搞错了，应该加到100%才对。

guankongwong5503
Oh really? Then there should be plenty of jams on the road in China. Plenty I mean. But I don't think I see that. Where did you get that, Mr Lee? I am an Engineer. Try backing that up.

哦，真的吗？那中国路上应该堵得一塌糊涂才对，我是说堵得死死的那种。但我好像没看到这种情况啊。李先生，你这说法哪来的？我可是个工程师，你倒是拿出点依据来。

guankongwong5503
Most countries banned them due to how cheap they are and they are light years ahead. It was mainly because of USA policy too. Wake up before you open that mouth of yours. Canada is most likely going to open the market and I am working here in Canada very moment and over 20 years of experience Electrical! I worked in so many different field including defense. Wth are you talking about?!

大多数国家禁中国车，是因为中国车太便宜，而且领先太多了。这背后也有美国政策的推动。你开口前先醒醒脑子吧。加拿大很可能要开放市场了，我现在就在加拿大工作，有20多年电气方面的经验，还在包括国防在内的好多不同领域干过。你到底在胡说八道些什么啊？！

chinogambino9375
For the same reason China classifies foreign imports as threats to their industry and imposes tariffs and extortionate terms for foreign auto makers to protect their own. The question is whether Europe, the US and Japan want an auto industry or whether they will let it die out to an unfair Chinese trade policy of subsidised dum.

就跟中国把外国进口产品视为对本国产业的威胁，对外国汽车制造商加征关税、提出苛刻条件来保护本国产业一样。问题是，欧洲、美国和日本是想保住汽车产业，还是要任由其因中国所谓不公平的补贴倾销贸易政策而消亡。

silveriver9
Tesla uses BYD blade batteries because Chinese batteries are the most energy efficient and at the lowest cost. China also dominate the global supply chain for battery materials. Hence lower cost.

特斯拉用比亚迪的刀片电池，是因为中国电池能量效率最高，成本还最低。而且中国在电池材料的全球供应链中占据主导地位。所以成本就低嘛。

BotulinSpikedMarzipan
I am only mildly afraid of cheap and Hi Tech things for obvious reasons. I want my cheap car to have only basic interior features. (FM radio, AC and NO TOUCHSCREEN)

我只是有点担心那些又便宜又高科技的东西，原因很明显。我要是买便宜车，就只想要些基本的内饰配置就行（FM收音机、空调，别给我弄触摸屏）。

tigerlancer
Usa wants to charge you more, for lower quality. It's 1970s honda and toyota 2.0.. there's no other way, to interpret it. Usa will not make that mistake, again.

美国就是想拿低质量的东西收你高价。这就跟70年代本田和丰田的情况一样，只不过现在是2.0版本。没别的解释。美国不会再犯那种错误了。

harlan3103
Maybe you didn’t get the memo! Chinese vehicles are increasing in the automotive industry especially in the South East Asia. (EVs) are becoming popular in this region due to their environmental benefits, cost savings, and government support. I think you ou’re the Joker!

说不定你还没收到消息呢！中国汽车在整个汽车行业的份额不断上升，尤其是在东南亚。电动汽车因为环保、省钱，还有政府支持，在这个地区越来越受欢迎。我看你才是个笑话！

SomeoneFromBeiing
If they can make better cars, sure. But if they can't, they won't.
I find it very ironic that the people who used to mock China for building "cheap stuff" are now screaming "China is a threat" the moment China starts to outcompete them when it comes to quality.

要是他们能造出更好的车，那肯定行。要是造不出来，就不行。

以前嘲笑中国造“便宜货”的人，现在中国产品质量开始超过他们了，就大喊“中国是威胁”，我觉得这太讽刺了。

frankiedehockie
The so - called expert say “Nissan was too early” that why they have fallen behind. lol.
No - it wasn’t because they were too early. It’s because they failed to continuously innovating on the Leaf and improving it and building a full supply chain around it and develo new electric cars.

那些所谓的专家说“日产起步太早了”，所以才落后了。呵呵。

根本不是因为起步早。是因为他们没能在聆风这款车上持续创新、改进，也没围绕它建立完整的供应链，更没有开发新的电动汽车。

DeEmperor1
Exactly what pisses me off about these so called "experts".
If Nissan had continued working on that tech, by now they would have had multiple advancements, in addition to various models of EVs.

这些所谓的“专家”就是让我生气。

要是日产当初继续钻研那项技术，到现在肯定已经有多项进展，还能推出各种型号的电动汽车。

Tabula_Rasa1
Japanese government and Nissan didnt have the foresight to see ahead. A major issue with EV was charging station. Tesla saw that and start building charging station all over the place in the US. In China, they saw EV as the future and created the environment for their car company to adapt to it.

日本政府和日产都缺乏远见。电动汽车的一个大问题是充电桩。特斯拉看到了这点，就在美国到处建充电桩。而在中国，政府把电动汽车视为未来发展方向，为汽车企业创造适应的环境。

DeEmperor1
Most legacy corporations don't innovative after decades of success. They simply hold unto what made them successful and forget about innovating for the future.
That's why Chinese companies are taking over Western legacy companies. It's normally what happens after decades of comfortable success, everyone becomes nonchalant about innovation.

大多数老牌企业在成功几十年后就不再创新了。他们只守着过去成功的经验，却忘了为未来创新。

这就是为什么中国公司能超越西方老牌企业。通常在享受几十年的成功后，大家就对创新满不在乎了。

tarant315
They developed the Leaf because of the Prius. Then nobody else really competed with them on BEV's to create a market and it got put on the back burner

他们因为普锐斯才开发了聆风。但后来在纯电动汽车领域没人真正和他们竞争，也就没形成市场，这事儿就被搁置了。

PoppinC - l3w
The reason for that was explained right after! There was simply far greater demand for hybrids and combustion - engines. The reason Tesla stuck with EVs is because that's all they made.

原因马上就有人解释了！当时对混合动力和燃油发动机的需求要大得多。特斯拉坚持做电动汽车，是因为他们只做这个。

Silverman7
Can American car makers survive China’s EV’s threat?

美国汽车制造商能扛住中国电动汽车的威胁吗？

salcedof81
I would ask the same question instead. Outside the US or a protected market the American cars are running out of the road.

我倒想问同样的问题。在美国本土或者受保护的市场之外，美国汽车已经没什么市场前景了。

JH - uu7jl
If not for import taxes, American brands with their poor reputations for quality and durability, and their short - term - profit pricing strategies, would be declining more quickly than they currently are. Perhaps a bigger question is will other countries do what the US did last decade and bail out their domestic automakers with taxpayer funds?

要不是有进口税，美国品牌凭借其糟糕的质量和耐用性口碑，以及追求短期利润的定价策略，衰落速度会比现在更快。也许更大的问题是，其他国家会不会像美国上十年那样，用纳税人的钱救助本国汽车制造商呢？

Nik - ik8mv
What China does by forcing foreign automakers to form "Joint Ventures" aka technology stealing programs with Chinese companies while massively subsidizing Chinese companies with Chinese taxpayer funds?

中国让外国汽车制造商和中国公司组建“合资企业”，这就是打着合资的幌子偷技术，还拿中国纳税人的钱大量补贴中国公司，这算怎么回事？

LouisSubearth
Except Western automakers don't have the EV tech that China has. And while Tesla opened their electric motor patent, Chinese firms were getting ahead in battery technology, which allowed them to make affordable and long range EVs.

但西方汽车制造商没有中国所拥有的电动汽车技术啊。特斯拉开放了电动机专利，而中国公司在电池技术上领先，这才让他们能造出价格亲民、续航长的电动汽车。

frank7353
It also didn’t discuss how road restrictions and air quality rules (where ICE cars are banned from the road one day per week or out of town ICE cars are not allowed to enter the city for a day) help to turbocharge EV demand, something that Western countries could never adopt in a similar way

它也没提到道路限制和空气质量规定（比如燃油车每周禁行一天，或者外地燃油车某天不许进城）是如何刺激电动汽车需求的，西方国家可不会采取类似的措施。

raycomeau6866
Years ago foreign car companies had a choice either continue to import with import taxes being applied or manufacture in China and avoid import taxes. All the companies had a CHOICE to make. THEY WERE NOT FORCED. They knew what the deal was. Nobody forced them to build their products in China. They made their choices and their Board of Directors agreed to it

多年前，外国汽车公司可以选择继续缴纳进口税进口汽车，或者在中国生产以避免进口税。所有公司都有得选，又没人强迫他们。他们清楚是怎么回事。没人强迫他们在中国生产产品。这是他们自己做的选择，而且公司董事会也同意了。

tooltalk
Sure, China was not likewise forced to join the WTO which prohibits such market restriction based on forced joint venture. China clearly had known about these rules since 1986 when they were allowed in as an observer in preparation of China's accession to GATT/WTO which would happen over a decade later in 2001 after China's aggressive lobbying.

没错，中国也不是被迫加入世贸组织的，而世贸组织禁止强制合资。中国从1986年就清楚这些规则了，当时中国被允许以观察员身份为加入关贸总协定/世贸组织做准备，经过积极争取，中国在十多年后的2001年加入了世贸组织。

daweigo6851
USA companies motivated by directors quarterly bonuses, Chinese motivated by being the best over long time

美国公司受董事季度奖金驱动，而中国公司追求的是长期做到最好。

beshinerondozai4185
competition isn't a threat

竞争算不上威胁。

devilmaycryhard
The market will determine who survives. Consumers look for choice, innovation and affordability, we decide which companies deserve to stay.

市场会决定谁能生存下来。消费者追求选择多样、创新和性价比，我们来决定哪些公司值得留下来。

tomkartz1347
here in china the japanese car shares have dropped significantly

在中国，日本汽车的市场份额大幅下降。

tooltalk
China also pretty much abolished the Korean automakers almost a decade ago.

差不多十年前，中国也几乎把韩国汽车制造商挤出市场了。

SomeoneFromBeiing
I went to a VW dealership in Beiing a few weeks ago. The Golf GTI costs around USD 30k after tax and fees. I couldn't believe it, but the salesperson told me it was because Chinese automakers had blown the market up. Then I went to BYD. It's insane how much they improved in the last 10 years.

几周前我去了北京一家大众经销商。高尔夫GTI含税和手续费后要3万美元左右。我简直不敢相信，但销售人员告诉我，这是因为中国汽车制造商把市场搅乱了。然后我去了比亚迪。他们在过去10年的进步简直惊人。

manavalanp2123
Same here Dubai the Chinese are taking over. Rather the Japanese I think korean brands will be affected as they don't have much resale value or brand value like Toyota or Honda.

在迪拜也是一样，中国汽车正在占据市场。比起日本品牌，我觉得韩国品牌受影响更大，它们不像丰田或本田那样有很高的二手价值或品牌价值。

maiasalica5417
The reason Japan is losing market share is because we don't make electric cars. Europe was promoting electric cars, but they gave up. We Japanese car manufacturers are not going to be confused by your trends.

日本市场份额下降是因为我们不生产电动汽车。欧洲之前推广过电动汽车，但后来放弃了。我们日本汽车制造商不会被你们这些潮流搞糊涂。

TanvirAlif
I heard when the Japanese cars started hitting the American roads people thought it was a threat but then look what happened to it. China has the second largest population in the world and their technologies are getting better so there's no way any other country would be able to compete with them.

我听说当年日本汽车刚进入美国市场时，人们觉得是个威胁，但看看后来怎么样了。中国是世界第二人口大国，技术也越来越好，其他国家根本没法和他们竞争。

simparingaboprosper5466
Most Chinese brands sell little to no car in the west! Why are Chinese brands a threat in their home market?

大多数中国品牌在西方几乎没什么销量！为什么说中国品牌在本土市场构成威胁呢？

ronlyon4645
japanese car usually is very stingy on technology for the same price points with chinese car, making the japanese car more expensive.

同样价格下，日本汽车在技术配置上通常很吝啬，这就显得日本车更贵。

Kennon959
Japanese car brands have worked together for decades.......... Sharing platforms or rebadging cars. Tonnes of Suzuki, Subaru & Mazda's have used Toyota/Daihatsu cars and rebadged them or started to use Toyota hybrid tech supplanted into their own platforms.

日本汽车品牌几十年来一直保持合作，它们共享平台，或者给汽车换个品牌标识。许多铃木、斯巴鲁和马自达的车型，都采用过丰田或大发的汽车，换标后出售，或者将丰田的混合动力技术应用到自家平台上。

timyang4812
How is Japan challenging USA and Chinese is a threat? End of the day, cheaper car means better for customers. Why are we paying so much for the CEO of car manufacturers?

日本怎么就成了对美国的挑战，而中国又成了威胁呢？说到底，价格亲民的汽车对消费者来说才是好事。我们为啥要给汽车制造商的首席执行官支付这么高的薪酬呢？

CamTooling
Japanese domestic market build quality and generous feature sets at reasonable prices. The current trend of nickel - and - diming buyers; overcharging for even small things like decent exhaust muffler tip when it should've come stock is off - putting. It's 2025 already. Hopefully China is the wake - up call for Japan to be competitive again

日本国内市场的汽车质量不错，配置丰富，价格也合理。但现在流行的做法是对消费者锱铢必较，就连本应标配的像样的排气尾管这类小部件都要额外收费，这实在让人反感。都2025年了，希望中国能给日本敲响警钟，让它重新具备竞争力。

AB_123_AB
Japanese auto quality have fallen off a cliff. They use cheap plastics everywhere while the Chinese use far superior materials at half the cost.

日本汽车的质量简直是一落千丈。他们到处都用廉价塑料，而中国能用一半的成本，使用质量好得多的材料。

fsarabchi
It's great to finally see a report featuring Nio in their videos. It's frustrating that many EV news reports tend to focus only on other brands, often overlooking Nio. Hopefully, this marks the begng of more recognition for Nio in the future.

终于看到有报道在视频里提到蔚来汽车了，这太棒了。很多电动汽车新闻报道往往只关注其他品牌，经常忽略蔚来，这真让人沮丧。希望这是蔚来未来获得更多认可的开端。

user - zy9nd2ei2j
Well blame the japanese for having such a small home market leading to surplus of 4 million per year. Worse still. China makes 5 times the amount of car as japan does

这得怪日本国内市场太小，导致每年有400万辆的过剩产能。更糟糕的是，中国的汽车产量是日本的5倍。

yudhistiramahendradani5902
China ev is low on price and quality, so much different than japan that take high quality.
If you will to pay for china ev, don't forget to pay attention for death risk

中国电动汽车价格低、质量也差，和追求高品质的日本汽车大不相同。要是你打算买中国电动汽车，可别忘了性命之忧。

qtdcanada
Japanese carmakers, along with those from Germany and South Korea, for more than 20 years have relied on the Chinese market (second biggest in the world). Within the last 4 - 5 years, the chinese has started a campaign to promote EV (via heavy subsidies) produced by Chinese carmakers, as well as incentives for battery producers. The chinese also financed the construction of networks of charging stations throughout major cities in China. These policies, coupled with lower - cost Chinese EVs (lower labor cost, components cost, etc.) have resulted in lower sales for ICE cars by Japanese, German, South Korean carmakers. American carmakers were never profitable in China and have effectively withdrawn from this market. It is mostly the loss of the Chinese market that have caused problems to companies like VW, M - B, Audi, BMW, Nissan, Honda, and Toyota (to a lesser extent). Of these, Toyota and Honda have successfully developed Hybrid vehicles which have become more popular in non - China markets, at the same time as Chinese EVs sales in Europe start to plateau

20多年来，日本、德国和韩国的汽车制造商一直依赖中国市场（全球第二大市场）。在过去4 - 5年里，中国开始大力补贴中国汽车制造商生产的电动汽车，同时对电池生产商提供激励措施，以此推动电动汽车的发展。政府还出资在中国各大城市建设充电桩网络。

这些政策，再加上中国电动汽车成本较低（劳动力成本、零部件成本等较低），导致日本、德国和韩国汽车制造商的燃油车销量下降。美国汽车制造商在中国从未盈利，实际上已经退出了这个市场。

对大众、奔驰、奥迪、宝马、日产、本田和丰田（受影响程度相对较小）等公司来说，主要是失去中国市场给它们带来了麻烦。在这些公司中，丰田和本田成功开发了混合动力汽车，在非中国市场越来越受欢迎，与此同时，中国电动汽车在欧洲的销量开始趋于平稳。

rs646dd
The real threat to Japanese manufacturers is not BYD's electric vehicles, but the fact that BYD is selling a large number of hybrid vehicles, which are a strong point for Japanese manufacturers. In fact, BYD produces more plug - in hybrid vehicles than electric vehicles each year.
Well, we'll manage somehow. Just as Japanese manufacturers used American and German cars as models to improve the quality of their own vehicles in the past, they will do the same this time, using Chinese cars as models. From now on, Chinese manufacturers will be in the position of being chased.

对日本制造商来说，真正的威胁并非比亚迪的电动汽车，而是比亚迪正在大量销售的混动车，而这正是日本制造商的强项。事实上，比亚迪每年生产的插电式混合动力汽车比电动汽车还多。

嗯，反正我们总会有办法的。就像过去日本制造商以美国和德国汽车为榜样，提升自家汽车质量一样，这次他们也会以中国汽车为榜样。从现在起，中国制造商要处在被追赶的位置了。