中国人被教导要去讨厌越南人吗

Are Chinese people taught to dislike Vietnamese?

中国人被教导要去讨厌越南人吗？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

Quang Nguyen

No I don’t think Chinese people are taught to dislike Vietnamese.

However Chinese people are taught that Chinese owns the South China Sea and all the islands in it; and Vietnamese just occupies them illegally; that Vietnamese people are stealing Chinese’s oil; that Vietnam invaded China and the China invading Vietnam was just a counter-attack , defensive campaign in 1979…

Now this would explain that many Chinese dislikes Vietnamese as many Chinese are calling Vietnamese monkeys, inferior people who doesn’t deserve to be in Sino-sphere culture and are lucky to have Chinese culture.

不，我认为中国人并没有被教导去讨厌越南人。

然而，中国人所了解到的是，中国对南海及其所有岛礁拥有主权，而越南非法占据了其中一些；越南人在偷采中国的石油资源；越南曾入侵中国，而1979年中国对越发起的行动只是一场反击性的、防御性的战役

但上述这些情况或许可以解释，为什么有不少中国人不喜欢越南人，有很多中国人称我们越南人为“猴子”，认为我们是低等民族，不配处于中华文化圈，而且能受惠于中国文化是越南人的幸运。

Goodi Shang

In China, Vietnam is described as the venomous snake in "The Farmer and the Snake".

History began in 200 BC, when primitive tribes lived in Vietnam, an undeveloped land. They relied on hunting for health, lived in trees, and ate raw meat. (This is the scene described by Chinese history books)

Immigrants from the north reclaimed the land and began to grow crops. At the same time, they taught the barbarians advanced farming techniques. Primitive society quickly transformed into an agricultural society.

Human migration to undeveloped land is a normal human activity, but it is described by the Vietnamese as an act of aggression.

在中国，越南被形容为 “农夫与蛇” 故事里的那条毒蛇。

历史可追溯到公元前 200 年，那时原始部落生活在越南这片尚未开发的土地上。他们以狩猎维生，栖息在树上，茹毛饮血。（这是中国历史书籍中所描述的场景）

来自北方的移民开垦了这片土地，并开始种植庄稼。与此同时，他们把先进的农耕技术传授给了当地的部族。原始社会迅速转变为了农业社会。

人类向未开发土地的迁移是一种正常的人类活动，然而越南人却将其描述为侵略行为。

In the following thousand years, the people in the Vietnamese region, as Chinese, were sheltered, avoided many wars, and lived happily.

As part of the empire, other countries dared not invade the Vietnamese region. The Vietnamese region was far away from the central government and avoided many political struggles.

In 938 AD, China was in a state of division. China was divided into ten kingdoms. The southernmost kingdom was called Southern Han, which was the weakest kingdom. The northern part of Vietnam was part of the territory of the Southern Han Kingdom. A general of the Southern Han rebelled and split the northern part of Vietnam to form a new kingdom.

This historical event was described by the Vietnamese as a war of independence. In fact, this new kingdom was no different from other kingdoms.

在接下来的一千年里，越南地区的民众作为中国人的一部分，受到庇佑，躲过了许多战争，生活安乐。

作为帝国的一部分，其他国家不敢侵犯越南地区。越南地区远离中央政府，也避开了许多政治纷争。

公元 938 年，中国处于分裂状态，当时中国分裂为十国。最南端的政权叫南汉，是最为弱小的一个政权。越南北部曾是南汉政权领土的一部分。南汉的一位将领发动叛乱，将越南北部地区分裂出来，建立了一个新的王国。

这一历史事件被越南人描述为一场独立战争。事实上，这个新王国与当时其他的王国并无二致。

In 971 AD, the Southern Han Kingdom was destroyed by the Northern Song Dynasty. The new kingdom in the northern part of Vietnam surrendered. The central government gave it more autonomy because the benefits generated by the northern part of Vietnam were too low to be worth direct rule.

The international political system established by ancient China was the tribute system. Different from the modern international political system.

The kingdom in the northern part of Vietnam was a vassal state, paying tribute to the central government, and the central government provided protection.

During the Song Dynasty in China, there were two coups in the kingdoms in the northern part of Vietnam. The central government, as the suzerain state, sent troops to restore peace. This was described by the Vietnamese as an aggressive war.

公元 971 年，南汉政权被北宋所灭。越南北部的新王国归降。中央政府给予了它更多的自治权，因为越南北部地区所带来的收益太低，不值得进行直接统治。

古代中国建立的国际政治体系是朝贡体系，这与现代国际政治体系有所不同。

越南北部的王国是一个附属国，向中央政府进贡，而中央政府则为其提供保护。

在中国宋朝时期，越南北部的王国发生了两次政变。作为宗主国的中央政府出兵恢复了和平。但越南人却将此描述为侵略战争。

The Mongolian army attacked the northern part of Vietnam three times. The Chinese who migrated south fought side by side with the locals to resist the attack of the Mongolian army. The Vietnamese pretended not to know about this.

During the Ming Dynasty in China, there was a coup in the kingdoms in the Vietnamese region. The central government, as the suzerain state, sent troops to restore peace. This was described by the Vietnamese as an aggressive war.

During the Qing Dynasty in China, France tried to control Vietnam, and the central government sent troops to fight the French army. The final result was that France successfully controlled Vietnam.

蒙古军队曾三次进攻越南北部。南迁的中国人与当地民众并肩作战，抵御蒙古军队的进攻。而越南人却对此装作一无所知。

在中国明朝时期，越南地区的王国发生了一次政变。作为宗主国的中央政府出兵恢复和平。越南人又将此描述为侵略战争。

在中国清朝时期，法国试图控制越南，中央政府出兵与法国军队作战。最终的结果是法国成功控制了越南。

Through the above facts, we find that Vietnam is a venomous snake. They don't know how to be grateful and will attack those who help them.

When facing a poisonous snake, the normal behavior is to fight back in self-defense. In 1979, China launched a self-defense counterattack against Vietnam. The Vietnamese described this war as an aggressive war.

The story of the farmer and the snake continues.

从上述事实来看，我们似乎觉得越南就像那条毒蛇。他们不懂感恩，还会攻击那些曾帮助过他们的人。

当面对一条毒蛇时，正常的做法是进行自卫反击。1979 年，中国对越南发起了自卫反击战。越南人却将这场战争描述为侵略战争。

“农夫与蛇” 的故事仍在继续上演。

Robert Dashang

We don’t dislike the majority of Vietnamese people, but there is a certain type of Vietnam-born Sinophobe who is absolutely disgusting. They impersonate Chinese people to go around defaming the Chinese, the Chinese Han people, and everything about Chinese culture. It’s like the typical example below, where this Vietnamese person even stole the photo of a young Chinese internet celebrity to impersonate his great-grandfather.

He even posted a picture, claiming it to be a reconstruction of his great-grandfather's image. However, in reality, this picture is of a Chinese internet celebrity who is famous for making Hanfu and armor. His name is 甲胄修复师刘杰（武阵天王-杰哥.）

我们并不讨厌大多数越南人，但确实存在一类在越南出生的仇华分子，他们着实令人厌恶。他们假扮成中国人，四处诋毁中国人、中国汉族人以及与中国文化相关的一切事物。就像下面这个典型的例子，有个越南人甚至盗用了一位年轻中国网红的照片，还冒充那是他的曾祖父。

他甚至发布了一张图片，声称这是他曾祖父形象的复原照。然而，事实上这张照片中的人物是一位因制作汉服和甲胄而闻名的中国网红。他的名字是甲胄修复师刘杰（武阵天王-杰哥.）。

Ang Samlap

Big No!

The social media platform is the only place where they can do this. Some of them are sure to be ‘brave’ behind their PC keyboards and never have been in any battler-fields beside their parent's backyard.

绝对不是这样的！

社交媒体平台是他们唯一发泄的地方。他们中的一些人肯定只会躲在电脑键盘后面“逞勇”，除了自家父母后院之外，从未踏足过任何真正的战场。

LLC

I went to China last year during the December Holidays to visit my grandfather’s family in Chao Zhou, a place in between of Guang Dong province and Fujian Pronvince.

I met my distant cousin who is about 18 this year, and we are talking about China’s political stand around the world.

My distant cousin said that teaching varies in each region, but in the region that they are living in, no hate is being taught in History. His answer is as simple as it could be ‘History is taught by facts and whether other countries like it or not, it’s up to them because it’s history, nothing can be changed.’

去年12月假期的时候，我去了中国，到位于广东省和福建省之间的潮州去拜访我爷爷家的亲戚。

我见到了我那位今年大约18岁的远房表弟，我们聊起了中国在国际上的政治立场。

我的远房表弟说，每个地区的教育情况有所不同，但在他们生活的地区，历史课上不会教人们去仇恨其他国家。他的回答非常直白：“历史是依据事实来教授的，其他国家喜不喜欢这些历史，那是他们的事，因为这就是历史，无法改变。”

He brought up about how Japan always claims such claims like Unit 731 or Naning Massacre as overly exaggerated by the Chinese, but it is History with actual Historians outside of China even agreeing with China about the amount of people who died, Japan can call it as an anti-Japanese education but what the teachers teaches are just based on actual facts that the other country can’t accept.

He brought about Korea about the Dong Yi people and whatsoever, his response was pretty simple, he said that Korea can claim that they were once part of the Dong Yi community and they can say that since the Dong Yi community was suspected of creating things like the Chinese Characters of Confucius was also part of the Dong Yi community therefore they are distant cousins, but at the end of the day, it is history and what they have to accept now is that because they remove the use of Hanja in their everyday life, it means that you lose part of your pride, so some of the ultranationalist people should stop trying to poke at China for such dumb claims of ‘Koreans created Chinese characters’. He also explained that being in the Dong Yi community does not mean that the person who created the Chinese characters is Korean. He said that smart Koreans are capable of differentiating between being part of the community of creating the Chinese Characters and being that person who created the Chinese characters, only dumb and nothing better to do Koreans who are wannabe ultranationalists would make up such dumb claims to poke at Chinese people. He don’t mind if in the end of the day, Chinese Characters were created by Dong Yi people, he don’t mind that statement because it’s history but what he minds is that people thinking that they created it because they were part of the community who has done so.

他提到日本总是声称诸如七三一部队或南京大屠杀等事件是被中国人过度夸大了，但这就是历史，甚至连中国以外的专业历史学家也认同中国所提及的遇难人数。日本可以把这称作是反日教育，但老师们所教授的内容仅仅是基于那些其他国家不愿接受的事实。

他还谈到了韩国与东夷族的关系等等。他的回应很简单，他说韩国可以宣称他们曾经是东夷族的一部分，并且他们可以说因为东夷族被认为创造了汉字，孔子也被认为曾是东夷族的一员，所以他们韩国人与中国人是远亲。但归根结底，这是历史，而他们现在必须接受的是，由于他们在日常生活中不再使用汉字，这意味着他们失去了一部分民族自豪感。所以，一些极端民族主义者应该停止用“韩国人创造了汉字”这种愚蠢的言论来挑衅中国人。

他还解释说，属于东夷族并不意味着创造汉字的人就是韩国人。他说，聪明的韩国人能够区分参与创造汉字的群体和创造汉字的个体，只有那些愚蠢又无所事事、想成为极端民族主义者的韩国人才会编造出这种愚蠢的言论来招惹中国人。他不介意最终的结论是汉字由东夷族创造，他不介意这种说法，因为这是历史，但他介意的是人们认为仅仅因为自己属于参与创造的群体就等同于自己创造了汉字。

When I asked about his opinion about GuangDong and Guangx which I saw a lot of Vietnamese claimed that it was part of the Nanyue kingdom, his response was that if it was really part of their land, then it’s their land in the past, now it’s China’s land, if what they want is China’s history books to state that it was part of the Nanyue which has Vietnamese ancestors too, why not, it’s history, but if they want to claim the land back, they can’t because now it’s Chinese territory. And that will go down into History that Guang i and Guang Dong are part of China whether Vietnam likes it or not. He talked about the Nanyue kingdom and his simple response was, school taught him that it was both possible roots of Chinese and Vietnamese people, a mix of people, given that Fujian was near it, he said the teacher explained that some migrated out of the Nanyue kingdom and into the Fujian province of today. If you ask him if they are Chinese ancestors of Vietnamese he would say definitely not and even if it was the other way round, he would say no.

He said this simple thing that he believes no country would try to teach anybody to hate other country people, like he asked me, do Singaporeans hate Malaysians for ‘kicking them out’ of Malaya, I said no, I don’t hate them but some people do hate them. He said each hate is developed by one person thinking, just because there are people in China who hates these countries and the other way round, it doesn’t mean that the whole country people will dislike or even hate. Like the Singapore getting kicked out of Malaysia, he said that because we were kicked out, people who were affected would say both positive and negative words about Malaysia, but the education and the teachers never tell you to hate Malaysia or go and have war with Malaysia. If it was history it can never change, it’s a fact, yes it is an opinion because people are writing history, but in the end of the day if they find it out to be a fact, then we just have to accept its a fact.

当我问他对于很多越南人声称广东和广西曾是南越国一部分的看法时，他回答说，如果这些地方在过去真的是南越国的土地，那也只是过去的事了，现在这些地方是中国的领土。如果他们希望中国的历史书能写明这些地方曾是南越国的一部分，而南越国也有越南人的祖先，那也无妨，因为这是历史。现在这些地方是中国的领土。而且已经载入史册。他谈到南越国时，简单地说，学校教过他，南越国可能是中国人和越南人的共同根源，是一个融合了不同人群的地方。考虑到福建离南越国很近，他说老师曾解释过，一些人从南越国迁徙出来，来到了如今的福建省。如果你问他越南人的祖先是不是中国人，他会明确说不是，即使反过来问，他也会给出否定的答案。

他说了这样一个简单的观点，他认为没有哪个国家会教导民众去仇恨其他国家的人。就像他问我，新加坡人会因为被“赶出”马来亚而仇恨马来西亚人吗？我说不会，我不恨他们，但确实有些人会恨。他说，每一种仇恨都是由个人的想法滋生出来的，仅仅因为在中国有人讨厌某些国家，而这些国家也有人讨厌中国，并不意味着整个国家的人都会不喜欢甚至仇恨对方。就像新加坡被马来西亚分离出去这件事，他说因为我们被分离出来了，受到影响的人会对马来西亚有褒有贬，但教育和老师们从来不会让你去仇恨马来西亚或者去和马来西亚开战。如果这是历史，那就无法改变，这是事实。没错，历史是由人书写的，所以其中会带有一些观点，但最终，如果被证实是事实，那我们就只能接受它是事实。

Lucia Millar

Unlike Japan, Vietnam has never been a target for Chinese educational patriotism. I do not think Chinese education teaches their kids to hate or dislike Vietnam. The education system should never be a tool for extremism and chauvinism.

This isolation of China leads to misunderstandings or biases about each other that are very difficult to resolve in the long term. Moreover, the involvement of Chinese individuals in online fraud activities from their bases in Cambodia and Myanmar, where many victims are Vietnamese, adds to the complexty of the situation. Therefore, it would be better for the two countries to enhance cultural, economic, and social exchanges, facilitating the residents of both nations to learn about and explore each other, in order to improve the mutual sentiments of the people towards one another.

与日本不同，越南从未成为中国爱国主义教育的针对对象。我认为中国的教育并没有教导孩子们去仇恨或不喜欢越南。教育体系绝不应该成为极端主义和沙文主义的工具。

这种对中国的孤立状态导致了双方之间的误解或偏见，而且从长远来看，这些误解和偏见很难消除。此外，一些中国人以柬埔寨和缅甸为据点从事网络诈骗活动，而许多受害者都是越南人，这使得情况变得更加复杂。因此，两国最好加强文化、经济和社会交流，让两国的民众能够相互了解、相互探索，以此来改善两国人民之间的情感。

Many Chinese people have questions like why Vietnam is now closer to the U.S. than to China, despite the U.S. having committed many war crimes in Vietnam. Clearly, one thing is that Vietnam today is friends with both China and the U.S. Being close to the U.S. does not negatively impact Vietnam-China relations. Many Vietnamese people have a positive view of the United States, which is justified, as the normalization of Vietnam-U.S. relations has led to significant development in economic and cultural exchanges between the two countries. Vietnam has a community of 3-4 million Vietnamese Americans, which helps create a strong bridge for Vietnam-U.S. relations. The Vietnam-China relationship is not truly warm because exsting bilateral issues hinder its development. Although there are many cultural similarities with China, the Vietnamese people do not really understand or have much contact with China since the Vietnam-China War in 1979. It has taken 2-3 generations for the two peoples to become distanced from each other, with little interaction leading to difficult-to-overcome prejudices.

许多中国人都有这样的疑问：尽管美国在越南犯下了许多战争罪行，为什么如今越南与美国的关系却比与中国的关系更亲近呢？显然，有一点是，如今的越南与中国和美国都是朋友。亲近美国并不会对越中关系产生负面影响。许多越南人对美国持有积极的看法，这是有其道理的，因为越美关系正常化使得两国在经济和文化交流方面取得了显著的发展。越南有三四百万的越裔美国人群体，这为越美关系搭建了一座坚实的桥梁。越中关系并没有真正热络起来，是因为现有的双边问题阻碍了它的发展。尽管越南在文化上与中国有许多相似之处，但自1979年中越战争以来，越南人民并没有真正了解中国，也没有太多与中国的接触。两国人民之间已经隔阂了两三代人，缺乏交流导致了一些难以克服的偏见。

L.K.

No.

The Chinese goverment and politicians have never told people to hate or dislike others. They just teach you the history in the school.

I don’t think Chinese people dislike Vietnamese people. Most people in China just don't know much about Vietnam beyond history.

不。

中国和政治家们从未告诉民众去仇恨或不喜欢其他国家的人。他们只是在学校里教授历史知识。

我认为中国人并不讨厌越南人。在中国，大多数人除了历史方面的了解外，对越南并没有太多的认知。