印度最高法院：砍伐大量树木比杀人更恶劣

Cutting large number of trees worse than killing a human being, says Supreme Court

印度最高法院：砍伐大量树木比杀人更恶劣

NEW DELHI: Observing that the act of cutting a large number of trees was worse than killing a human being, Supreme Court on Tuesday said no mercy should be shown to people who damage the environment and approved imposing a fine of Rs 1 lakh for each illegally cut tree.

Sending out a clear message that those indulging in illegal cutting of trees without approval from the authority concerned and damaging the environment must be dealt with an iron hand, a bench of Justices Abhay S Oka and Ujjal Bhuyan rejected the plea of a man who had cut down 454 trees in the protected Taj Trapezium Zone.

新德里消息：印度最高法院于周二指出，砍伐大量树木的行为比杀害一个人更为恶劣，还表示对破坏环境的人不应心慈手软，并批准非法砍伐每棵树木处以10万卢比的罚款。

由法官阿拜·S·奥卡（Abhay S Oka）和乌贾尔·布扬（Ujjal Bhuyan）组成的合议庭发出了明确信号，即对于那些未经相关部门批准便肆意非法砍伐树木、破坏环境的人，必须予以严厉惩处。该合议庭驳回了一名男子的申诉，此人在受保护的泰姬陵梯形区域内砍伐了454棵树木。

SC order sets benchmark for fines in tree-felling cases

The bench accepted the suggestion of senior advocate ADN Rao, who is assisting the court as amicus curiae, that a clear message needed to be sent to offenders that the law and trees could not, and should not, be taken for granted. With its order, the court has set a benchmark on how much fine should be imposed in such cases.

“No mercy in environmental case. Felling a large number of trees is worse than killing a human. It will take at least 100 years minimum to again regenerate or recreate the green cover created by 454 trees which were blatantly cut without permission of this court though the embargo imposed by this court is right from the year 2015,” the bench said.

最高法院的裁决为树木砍伐案件的罚款设定了标准

合议庭采纳了资深大律师ADN·拉奥（ADN Rao）的建议，拉奥以法庭之友的身份协助法庭工作。他认为，必须向违法者传递一个明确的信息，即法律和树木都不容轻视，也不应被视为理所当然。通过这一裁决，法院为这类案件应处以多少罚款设定了一个基准。

合议庭表示：“在环境案件中绝不能姑息。砍伐大量树木比杀人更恶劣。那454棵被公然在未经本法院许可的情况下砍伐的树木所形成的绿色植被，至少需要100年才能重新恢复或再造，而本法院自2015年起就已实施了禁伐令。”

The court accepted the report of the central empowered committee (CEC), which recommended a fine of Rs 1 lakh per tree for 454 trees which were cut last year by one Shiv Shankar Agarwal. Senior advocate Mukul Rohatgi, appearing for him, told the bench that his client had admitted the mistake and apologised and urged the court to reduce the fine amount, which he said was exorbitant. He also said Agarwal should be allowed to do plantations at a nearby site and not on the same plot. Refusing to reduce the fine amount, the court, however, allowed him to do plantations in nearby areas.

In its report, CEC said 454 trees were illegally felled on the night of Sept 18 last year out of which 422 trees were on private land known as Dalmia Farm situated at Vrindavan Chatikara Road, and the remaining 32 trees were on the roadside strip adjoining this private land which was a protected forest.

法院接受了中央授权委员会（CEC）的报告，该报告建议对去年由希夫·尚卡尔·阿加瓦尔（Shiv Shankar Agarwal）砍伐的454棵树木，每棵处以10万卢比的罚款。代表阿加瓦尔出庭的资深大律师穆库尔·罗哈特吉（Mukul Rohatgi）向合议庭表示，他的当事人已承认错误并道歉，并恳请法院减少罚款金额，他称这一罚款数额过高。他还表示，应允许阿加瓦尔在附近的一块土地上进行植树造林，而不是在原地块上。然而，法院拒绝了减少罚款金额的请求，但允许他在附近区域进行植树。

中央授权委员会在报告中称，去年9月18日夜间，有454棵树木被非法砍伐，其中422棵位于弗林达万·查蒂卡拉路（Vrindavan Chatikara Road）上名为达尔米亚农场（Dalmia Farm）的私人土地上，其余32棵则位于这片私人土地旁作为受保护森林的路边地带。

以下是印度时报读者的评论：

Vinod Kumar
These Indian Judges preach everyone except their own self. They want IPS, IAS, IFS, IRS - all accountable to Judiciary. They (Judges) vouch for declaration of their assets to keep tab on their corruption. But what they do to themselves. They keep their own assets under wrap. These IAS, IFS, IRS, IPS - all can be probed by CBI, ED, and can be jailed if unaccounted money is found in their possession - but not these judges. Judges are accountable to judges only. What a cruel joke.

这些印度法官只会对别人说教，却从不审视自己。他们希望印度警察服务（IPS）、印度行政服务（IAS）、印度外交服务（IFS）、印度税务服务（IRS）等所有人员都对司法部门负责。

法官们信誓旦旦地表示要公开资产，以监督自身的腐败问题。但他们自己又是怎么做的呢？他们把自己的资产隐藏起来。这些印度行政服务人员、印度外交服务人员、印度税务服务人员、印度警察服务人员，都可以被中央调查局（CBI）、执法局（ED）调查，如果发现他们持有来源不明的钱财就可能会被关进监狱—— 但这些法官却不会。法官们只对其他法官负责。这真是个残酷的笑话。

Swapnil Rao
High time this Collegium System of Appointment of Judges is Stopped immediately. This is Root cause of Corruption Nepotism & has become a Family Business similar to Political Families Dynasties

是时候立即停止这种法官任命的评议会制度了。这是腐败和任人唯亲的根源，并且已经变成了一种类似于政治家族王朝的家族生意。

Jagdish Chandra
The bench decided to remind offenders that they should not take the law or trees for granted. Given that it will take at least 100 years to restore the green cover caused by the removal of 454 trees, the court established a baseline of Rs. 1 lakh for fines for the cutting down of a single tree to maintain the ecological system. The Indian statute book has given the judiciary the authority to protect the constitution or monitor the operations of the two pillars, the Legislative and Executive branches. If it is proved that the desperado’s involvement in such heinous crime, there is needs of judiciary intervention to crack the whip to streamline the offenders to honor the rule of law.

合议庭决定提醒违法者，他们不应将法律或树木视为理所当然。鉴于恢复因砍伐454棵树而破坏的绿色植被至少需要100年时间，法院为砍伐单棵树的罚款设定了10万卢比的基准，以维护生态系统。

印度的法典赋予了司法部门保护宪法或监督立法和行政这两大支柱部门运作的权力。如果证实亡命之徒参与了恶劣的犯罪行为，就需要司法部门进行干预，严惩违法者，使其遵守法治。

Jagdish Madan
Delayed justice worse than having no courts at all.

迟来的正义比根本没有法院还要糟糕。

Monica
The lawyer should not be defending the accused, but educating him on the importance of not cutting the trees. Will the lawyer, Mukhul Rohatgi, educate his client as he as personal access to him, or he will only communicate to him on the payment of fees. When did the accused learned about his mistake? After all 454 trees were chopped, or before he chopped them? What process he used to ensure that it was all right to cut the trees?

律师不应该为被告辩护，而应该教育他不砍伐树木的重要性。律师穆库尔·罗哈特吉（Mukhul Rohatgi）会因为能接触到他的当事人而对其进行教育吗，还是他只会和当事人谈费用支付的问题呢？被告是什么时候认识到自己的错误的呢？是在砍完所有454棵树之后，还是在砍树之前呢？他是怎么做到能砍这么多树木的呢？

Gyaneshwar
Burning large number of paper currency in residential area is worse than mass killing.

在居民区焚烧大量纸币比大规模杀戮还要恶劣。

J
There should also be a jail term for 5 years in addition to 1 lack penalty.

除了10万卢比的罚款之外，还应该判处5年监禁。

rajesh rai
let us establish a supreme court bench in abujhmad chhatisgarh mid of forests.

让我们在恰蒂斯加尔邦阿布鲁哈马德（abujhmad）的森林中部设立一个最高法院分庭吧。

Vilas Rajwade
As a society, we ought to be doing both - increasing the awareness of improving the green cover including growing trees; as well as imposing stiff penalties for illegal felling of trees.

作为一个社会，我们应该同时做到两件事 —— 提高人们对植树造林的意识，以及对非法砍伐树木行为实施严厉的惩罚。

Gidos
During the time of his demise in 2004veerappan had confirmed that he was working an under behest ofkhangress & I hunted down 250elephant, cut thousands sandalwood tree for whichkhangress was collected whop money from us. So, whatever illegal & criminal activity was done by me, onlykhangresd is responsible for everything.

在2004年韦拉潘（Veerappan）去世的时候，他曾证实自己是受国大党的指使行事，而且猎杀了250头大象，砍伐了数千棵檀香树，国大党从我们这里收取了巨额钱财。所以，无论做了什么违法犯罪的事情，一切都应该由国大党负责。

Antony John peter
Very good observation by the SC.
But, it is still hard to believe that 450 trees were felled on a single night.

最高法院的这一观点非常好。

但是，仍然很难让人相信竟然在一个晚上就砍伐了450棵树。

Rita Khanna
Human life is of less value

人命的价值更低。

Sriramalu Chandrasekaran
Hereafter public /voters may any longer would respect courts & the judgements because of the probllematic justjce verma of Del nohi HC who has become notorious for boarding of large scale black money alleged to be Rs35 cr in currency notes . Some say Rs 100 cr. It is hear say only

此后，公众/选民可能不再尊重法院和判决了，因为德里高等法院有问题的法官维尔马（Verma）因被指窝藏高达35亿卢比（也有人说100亿卢比，这只是传言）的巨额黑钱而声名狼藉。

Patriot
"Agree"Cutting trees will bring hot atmosphere and make more hotter" India has to plant thousands of trees in big towns"

“砍伐树木会导致气候变热，而且会变得更热”，我同意这一观点。印度必须在大城市里种植成千上万棵树。

Raju G
"Indian men are increasingly being falsely accused in harassment and matrimonial cases, facing legal harassment with little support from the system. Many women misuse laws to extort money, destroying lives with no consequences. Urgent reforms needed! #MenToo #LegalReform"

“印度男性在骚扰和婚姻案件中越来越多地遭到诬告，面临着法律上的困扰，却几乎得不到体制的支持。许多女性滥用法律来敲诈钱财，毁掉了他人的生活却无需承担后果。迫切需要进行改革！#男性也一样 #法律改革”

Nanao Meitei
Where is this so-called Supreme court in Manipur Hills now? Kuki refugees are cutting down and setting forest fire rampantly there?

现在所谓的最高法院在哪里呢？在曼尼普尔邦，库基族难民在大肆砍伐树木并纵火烧林啊？

Bhartiya parivar
Corruption by judges is worse than corruption by others. Do you have any comments, SC?

法官的腐败比其他人的腐败更恶劣。最高法院，你们对此有什么看法吗？