中国显然是一个发展中国家，为什么很多人喜欢说她是一个超级大国

China is clearly a develo country. Then why do many people like to say it is a superpower?

中国显然是一个发展中国家。那么为什么很多人喜欢说她是一个超级大国呢？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

Rico81192

Chinese people usually do not refer to their country as a "superpower." In Chinese, the term "great nation" (大国) typically refers to a country with a large population and vast territory. In official discourse, it often carries an emphasis on international responsibility. The word "super" (超级), on the other hand, is generally used to describe something that is at the absolute forefront in a specific field, such as "supercomputer" or "superpower." However, Chinese people do not commonly use it to describe their own country.

中国人通常不会将自己的国家称为“超级大国”。在中文里，“大国” 这个词一般指的是一个人口众多、领土广袤的国家。

在官方话语中，它往往强调着国际责任。而 “超级” 这个词，通常是用来描述在某个特定领域处于绝对领先地位的事物，比如 “超级计算机” 或者 “超级大国”。

然而，中国人一般不会说自己国家是“超级大国”

Yi Li

Can you believe that the world's 2nd largest economy is not a ‘Superpower’? And how can the top enemy of the US, the world's No.1 economy, still be a ‘Develo country’? This is truly hardly convincing.

Moreover, China's Huawei, DJI, Yushu, BYD, Tiktok, iaohongshu, and Shenjian ...... are all from a ‘Develo country’, which is also hardly convincing. Even the new US Secretary of Marco Rubio said, ‘China (cheated its way to) a global superpower.’ (anyway, he admits ‘China is a superpower’:)

However, I fully agree with the statement in the question: “China is clearly a develo country.”

你能相信世界第二大经济体居然不是一个“超级大国”吗？而且作为世界第一大经济体美国的头号对手，怎么会还是一个“发展中国家”呢？这确实很难让人信服。

此外，中国的华为、大疆、宇树科技、比亚迪、TikTok、小红书，还有“天问”探测器，这些都来自一个“发展中国家”，这同样很难让人信服。甚至美国议员马尔科·卢比奥都说，“中国通过不正当手段成为了一个全球超级大国。”（不管怎样，他承认了“中国是一个超级大国”。）

然而，我完全赞同问题中这样的表述：“中国显然是一个发展中国家。”

As a Chinese professor, I always keep hearing foreign scholars praising China in forums and conferences, arguing that China has risen very fast and has more and more international influence in economy, finance and trade. However, as a Chinese scholar, I am well aware of the gap between China's national strength and that of developed countries.

For instance, based on the currency internationalization index, in terms of financial and international monetary strength, the U.S. dollar accounts for over 50%, whereas the renminbi represents only about 4% (Chapter 2 of the 2023 RMB Internationalization Report on the official website of IMI). In scientific and technological development, China's actual rate of scientific and technological autonomy is 35% (China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook 2023), compared to 89% in the US (OSTP). Regarding cultural strength, the English - speaking culture remains dominant, and the Chinese people's capabilities in international communication and dissemination are still relatively weak.

作为一名中国教授，我在论坛和会议上总是听到外国学者称赞中国，他们认为中国发展得非常迅速，在经济、金融和贸易领域的国际影响力越来越大。但是，作为一名中国学者，我深知中国的国力与发达国家之间的差距。

例如，根据货币国际化指数，在金融和国际货币实力方面，美元占比超过50%，而人民币仅占约4%（国际货币研究所官网《2023年人民币国际化报告》第二章）。在科技发展方面，中国科技的实际自主率为35%（《中国科技统计年鉴2023》），而美国为89%（美国科技政策办公室数据）。在文化实力方面，英语文化仍然占据主导地位，中国人在国际传播方面的能力仍然相对较弱。

In addition, there is an old Chinese saying: ‘to thrive in calamity and perish in soft living’(生于忧患，死于安乐), which means that we should always be on the alert and remain modest. So the Chinese leadership is well aware of the fact that China is a develo country, and has repeatedly emphasised that ‘China's basic national condition of being in the primary stage of socialism has not changed! ‘.

Therefore, China's first and foremost task remains to focus on domestic development. China has 1.4 billion people, or 18% of the world's population, but only 9% of the world's resources and 7% of the world's farmland (This is the greatness of Yuan Long(袁隆平), the Chinese scientist who enabled the entire Chinese population to have sufficient food despite limited land resources).

In short, China is certainly not as poor and backward as some Western prejudices think, but it is also not as sooo developed as some ‘Chinese admirers’ think. China is still a develo country, and a super-develo country that the United States cannot contain:)

此外，中国有一句古话：“生于忧患，死于安乐”，意思是我们应该时刻保持警惕，保持谦逊。中国的领导集体清楚地认识到中国是一个发展中国家，并且一再强调“中国处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变！”

因此，中国的首要任务仍然是专注于国内发展。中国有14亿人口，占世界人口的18%，但仅拥有世界9%的资源和7%的耕地（这就是中国科学家袁隆平的伟大之处，他让全体中国人民在有限的土地资源下吃饱饭）。

总之，中国肯定不像一些西方所认为的那样贫穷和落后，但也不像一些“中国崇拜者”认为的那样极其发达。中国仍然是一个发展中国家，而且是一个美国无法遏制的超级发展中国家。

Jonny Hamilton

The Chinese fought long and hard to maintain their “develo country” status.

This allows them preferential treatment under WTO rules.

The Chinese consider themselves a super power, they just don't like the bill.

中国人长期艰苦奋战以维持他们“发展中国家”的地位。

这样一来，他们能在世贸组织规则下享受优惠待遇。

中国人自认为是超级大国，他们只是不喜欢为此承担相应的责任。

Heiliger Thron von Antinazistan

its not, its just a huge economy, to become a Superpower it would need Gods Blessing to become that but china will never really develop talents for that, its just meant to be a Big Market. The Army is just strong enough to keep overentitled and korrupt western Crooks out of it.

不是这样的，中国不过只是有着庞大的经济体量罢了。要成为超级大国，得靠上天保佑才有可能实现，然而中国永远都培养不出能让国家成为超级大国的那种人才，它就只配当个大市场而已。他们军队也就只够把那些自视过高又腐败的西方坏蛋拒之门外。

Ismail Bashmori

I'm a China-lover. China is a develo country. It is absolutely not a developed country. The China classifies it as a develo country. The Party’s goal for China is to “attain the level of moderately developed countries in terms of per capita GDP” by 2035, and to become a developed economy by 2049–2050.

China is stronger than the USSR ever was, so it certainly is a superpower. However, the China would never refer to China as a superpower. It refers to China working to become “a great modern socialist country.”

It’s not the Chinese who call China developed, but the Americans. This premature designation as a “developed country” is intended to hurt China: by removing preferential policies given to develo countries by the UN, World Bank, WTO, etc., and to increase China’s global obligations and the expense of them, even as the US is now shirking those very same obligations.

我是中国的粉丝。中国是一个发展中国家，绝对不是一个发达国家。中国把自己国家定位为发展中国家。党的目标是到2035年“人均国内生产总值达到中等发达国家水平”，并在2049年至2050年成为发达经济体。

中国比曾经的苏联更强大，所以它无疑是一个超级大国。然而，中国永远不会把自己国家称为超级大国，而是说自己国家正在努力成为“社会主义现代化强国” 。

把中国称为发达国家的不是中国人，而是美国人。这种过早地将中国认定为“发达国家”的做法意在伤害中国：通过取消联合国、世界银行、世界贸易组织等给予发展中国家的优惠政策，并增加中国在全球范围内的义务，而与此同时美国却在逃避同样的义务。

Clifford Nelson

It does not take much to be a super power. Russia was considered one of the two superpowers during the cold war era. How advanced was Russia really at the time. It was in many ways well behind where China was a decade ago. My opinion is that superpower really is a terrible term for anything besides the cold war era.

su·per·pow·er /ˈso͞opərˌpouər/

noun

a very powerful and influential nation (used especially with reference to the US and the former Soviet Union when these were perceived as the two most powerful nations in the world).

The United States was way more powerful than the USSR at the time. More technically appropriate terms are Great Power; A "great power" is a sovereign state recognized for its significant diplomatic, economic, and military strength, capable of exerting influence on a global scale and influencing international affairs. There is also hegemon: A "hegemon" refers to a dominant leader, country, or group that exerts significant influence or control over others, often possessing hegemony, which is the position of being the strongest and most powerful.

要成为一个超级大国其实并不需要多么了不起的条件。在冷战时期，俄罗斯（当时是苏联）被认为是两个超级大国之一。但当时的苏联到底有多先进呢？在很多方面，它甚至远落后于十年前的中国。在我看来，“超级大国”这个词，是冷战时期的词汇

“超级大国（superpower）”的英文音标是 /ˈso͞opərˌpouər/，作名词，意思是“一个非常强大且具有影响力的国家（尤其用于指代美国和前苏联，当时它们被视为世界上最强大的两个国家）”。

当时美国的实力远超苏联。从技术层面来说，更合适的词汇是“大国（Great Power）”。“大国”是指一个因其显著的外交、经济和军事力量而被认可的主权国家，它有能力在全球范围内施加影响并左右国际事务。还有“霸权国家（hegemon）”这个词：“霸权国家”指的是一个占主导地位的领导者、国家或团体，它对其他国家或团体施加重大影响或控制，通常拥有霸权地位，也就是处于最强和最有权力的位置。

So it is really just because people are so badly educated in my opinion that they use such a archaic term when there are terms that are much more accurate.

China is definately a regional hegemon as is the United States. The United States used to be the global hegemon, but that appears to no logner be the case. Economically China is more powerful that the United States having passed the US in GDP PPP in 2014, and even more greatly leads the United States. Do not think China is the global economic hegemon, but neither is the US, but China may be, especially as it has the best technology for mineral refining and basically controls most of the world refining of natural resources. Politically the US I think has also lost its global hegemony with flat ass stupid moves in pushing Russia to invade Ukraine, and then pushing European countries to destory thier economies with sancitons on Russia, and then giving bombs to Israel to commit genocide on the Palestinians. If Biden had been smart, and he is a dumb ass, he would have stopped Israel cold in committing genocide, but instead supported it, and that fool Trump is doing no better. Most of the world is horrified with the genocide by the US and Israel. That leaves only military power, but it seems that American generals are the most incompetent, and cannot even win wars against peasants or bedouins. Oh it did defeat the Granada police force and a few armed Cuban construction workers—there was no Cuban troops on Granada.

Not sure China will ever be the global hegemon of the US, especially since my expectation is that China will never build the oversized military needed to invade any place in the world and to try to defeat small countries like Iraq, Vietnam, or Afghanistan. China also seems to pay attention to history and probalby understands there are better way to do things than to invade countries to take their natural resourses.

所以在我看来，人们之所以使用“超级大国”这样一个过时的词汇，实在是因为他们受教育程度太低了，明明有更准确的词汇可以使用。

中国肯定是一个地区性的强国，美国也是。美国曾经是全球霸权国家，但现在似乎已不再如此。

在经济方面，中国比美国更强大，早在2014年中国的购买力平价GDP就已经超过了美国，并且现在领先美国的幅度更大。我不认为中国是全球经济霸权国家，但美国也不是。不过中国有可能成为（全球经济霸权国家），特别是中国拥有最先进的矿产精炼技术，并且基本上控制了世界上大部分的自然资源精炼业务。

在政治方面，我认为美国也已经失去了全球霸权地位，它做出了极其愚蠢的举动，先是把俄罗斯逼到不得不出兵乌克兰的地步，然后又迫使欧洲国家通过对俄制裁来毁掉自己的经济，接着还向以色列提供武器，任由其对巴勒斯坦人进行种族灭绝。

如果拜登聪明一点（但他就是个蠢货），他本应该果断阻止以色列的种族灭绝行为，然而他却选择支持。而那个傻瓜特朗普也没好到哪里去。世界上大多数国家都对美国和以色列的种族灭绝行为感到震惊和厌恶。

这样一来就只剩下军事力量了，但似乎美国的将军们是最无能的，他们甚至连和农民或贝都因人作战都无法取胜。哦，美国倒是打败过格林纳达的警察部队以及一些武装的古巴建筑工人——当时格林纳达并没有古巴军队。

我不确定中国是否会成为像美国那样的全球霸权国家，特别是我预计中国永远不会建立起那种庞大到足以入侵世界上任何地方、试图打败像伊拉克、越南或阿富汗这样小国的军事力量。而且中国似乎很重视历史，很可能明白，比起入侵他国以夺取自然资源，还有更好的做事方式。

Emmanuel-Francis Nwaolisa Ogomegbunam

Many people love the idea behind certain terms more than understanding their meaning. To such people, superpower is a prestigious term that means mighty country or words to that effect. That is why you sometimes see it deployed anachronistically — Rome, Tang China, Napoleonic France or whatever preindustrial empire you stan weren’t superpowers!

We must first define it to understand what a superpower is and is not. For my money, Superpowers are States that exercise planetary hegemony. They are singular or dual. Further means a retreat to the contest between Great Powers.

Therefore, Superpowers exsted during the brief historical phase between the creation of the Warsaw Pact and the demise of the Soviet Union (1955 — 1989) and the USA’s victory in the Gulf War to the period of the North Atlantic Financial Crisis (1991 — 2010).

很多人喜爱某些词汇背后所代表的概念，甚于去理解这些词汇的真正含义。对于这些人来说，“超级大国”是一个听起来很有威望的词，意味着强大的国家或诸如此类的意思。你有时会看到这个词被滥用——罗马、中国唐朝、拿破仑时期的法国，或者任何你所推崇的前工业化时代的帝国，它们都不是超级大国！

我们必须先对其进行定义，才能明白什么是超级大国，什么不是超级大国。在我看来，超级大国是那些行使全球霸权的国家。它们可以是单一的，也可以是两个并存的。进一步来讲，如果不是超级大国，那就意味着退回到大国之间的竞争状态。

因此，超级大国存在于两个短暂的历史阶段，一个是从华沙条约组织成立到苏联解体（1955年至1989年），另一个是从美国在海湾战争中获胜到北大西洋金融危机时期（1991年至2010年）。

In the first phase, the USA arrayed the surviving empires of Old Europe against the Leninist revolutionaries inspired by the achievements of the October Revolutionaries and the dream of the Soviet Man. The Capitalists and Co unists grappled for global supremacy in a clash of ideas, ideals and bullets.

In the second phase, the USA stood alone. The Europeans and their colonies were supine; the tropics irrelevant; India was still stuck with the Hindu growth rate, and China only joined the WTO some seven years before US power reached its precipice.

Compounding FTW!

在第一个阶段，美国联合旧欧洲那些残存的帝国势力，对抗受十月革命成果激励以及怀揣苏联理想的主义革命者。两个阵营在思想、理念的冲突以及子弹的交锋，争夺全球霸权。

在第二个阶段，美国独霸天下。欧洲国家及其殖民地处于顺从状态；热带地区无关紧要；印度仍然受困于所谓的“印度教增长率”（经济增长缓慢）；而中国在2001年加入世界贸易组织，此时距离美国的国力达到巅峰也不过大约七年时间。

The Chinese miracle and US hubris broadened the field of global demand, funded Russian reconstruction and rearmament (via German demand for Russian energy to supply Chinese demand) and fostered the global dissatisfaction that’s fraying Uncle Sam’s global regime.

China was the stone that caused a ripple in the placid waters of US hegemony. That does not equate to toppling the USA. All that has happened is that multiple Great Powers have emerged as the relative supremacy of the USA to other polities has diminished.

The Superpowers are dead; long live the Great Powers!

In sum, people say that because they haven’t thought through what they mean. They are boosters, not analysts.

中国的发展奇迹以及美国的傲慢自大，拓宽了全球需求的领域，为俄罗斯的重建和重新武装提供了资金，同时也引发了全球范围内的不满情绪，这些不满正在削弱美国所主导的全球秩序。

中国就像是一块投入到美国霸权平静湖面中的石头，激起了涟漪。但这并不等同于要推番美国。目前所发生的一切只是，随着美国相对于其他政治体的相对优势逐渐减弱，多个大国已经崛起。

超级大国的时代已经过去；大国的时代万岁！