越南被统治了一千年，在法国和日本统治期间从未投降，而美国一加征关税，为何第一个秒跪呢

Why did Vietnam boast that it had been ruled for 1,000 years and had never surrendered under the rule of France and Japan, but was the first to kneel down to the United States when the United States imposed additional trade tariffs?

越南被统治了一千年，曾吹嘘自己在法国和日本统治期间从未投降，但当美国加征贸易关税时，为什么越南第一个向美国服软呢？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

iao Wen

You should not ask Vietnam to do things that are not suitable for its objective conditions. In fact, Vietnam has very good advantages and conditions to try to deal with Trump in a relatively soft manner.

Vietnam doesn't care about being flooded by cheap American goods after zero tariffs because there are already cheaper Chinese products here. Fundamentally, the U.S. has no way to gain any economic benefits from Vietnam. Moreover, Vietnam's size determines that it can never produce all kinds of goods, and China's products make the U.S. tariff preferences negligible in terms of both price and quality. On the contrary, Vietnam can use this as a bargaining chip to purchase from the US what China cannot buy directly, and then resell it to China to earn the middle profit.

Secondly, Vietnam does not care about selling China's interests to gain more benefits from the US because Vietnam has never been a fan of China; it only cares about what benefits it can get from China, while the US offers opportunities for deals. Therefore, it is wise for Vietnam to take the initiative to contact the US and see what benefits it can get first.

你不应该要求越南去做不符合自身客观条件的事情。事实上，越南有着非常不错的优势和条件，得以一种相对温和的方式应对特朗普的关税。

越南并不担心零关税后被美国商品充斥市场，因为这里已经有了更便宜的中国商品。从根本上来说，美国无法从越南身上获取任何经济利益。此外，越南的规模决定了它永远无法生产出各种各样的商品，而中国的产品使得美国在价格和质量方面都相形见绌。相反，越南可以将此作为一个筹码，从美国购买中国无法直接买到的东西，然后再转售给中国以赚取中间利润。

其次，越南并不在意出卖中国的利益以从美国获得更多好处，因为越南从来都不是中国的拥趸；它只关心能从中国得到什么好处，而美国提供了交易的机会。因此，越南主动与美国接触并先看看自己能得到什么好处，这是明智之举。

The world also needs a country to do this, to see if Mr. Trump really has any solid follow-up plans, and the most suitable one to quickly scout without possible losses would be a country like Vietnam which has enough retreat options. Even China might support Vietnam in doing so.

I think Vietnam has made the right choice at the right moment again. It hasn't rushed to sell out its own interests, and it still remains in an advantageous negotiating position with enough room for maneuver. And the US might be the country caught off guard by this.

If you're really worried about whether Vietnam has become a surrender faction, you just need to observe whether Vietnam accepts US dum in the grain and rice import sector without considering its own food security. If the Vietnamese government does this, it will have truly crossed the line and begun selling out the interests of its people.

世界也需要有一个国家来做这件事，看看特朗普先生到底有没有切实可行的后续计划，而最适合迅速进行试探且不太可能有损失的国家，就是像越南这样有足够退路选择的国家。甚至中国可能也会支持越南这么做。

我认为越南又一次在正确的时机做出了正确的选择。它没有急于出卖自己的利益，并且仍然处于一个有利的谈判地位，拥有足够的回旋余地。而美国可能才是那个对此措手不及的国家。

如果你真的担心越南是否已经成为了投降派，你只需要观察越南是否会在不考虑自身粮食安全的情况下，接受美国粮食和大米的倾销。如果越南政府这么做了，那它就真的越过了底线，开始出卖本国人民的利益了。

Eastern Laos Legend

no, we are not kneeling, the US is our comprehensive strategic partner, their interests and ours must go hand in hand,

hey chinese people, don't use a stick to stop the turning wheel, do not do useless things,

thank all you,!

不，我们没有屈服，美国是我们越南的全面战略伙伴，他们的利益和我们的利益紧密相连，

嘿，中国人，别想着阻止历史转动的车轮，别做无用功，

感谢你们所有人！

VNese

Kneel down?

It seems your mindset of internaltion relationship is still so backward to the age of master/slave.

No. VN did not knee down. VN understands that Only interest is eternal

The answer is that simple.

VN compare the benefit to get that tax if it will be kept to the benefit to sell product to the US if the tax will be removed. Definitely, the benefit to sell VNese product is more than some tax.

Then tax 0.

秒跪？

看来你对国际关系的认知还停留在那种主仆时代，你落伍啦。

不，我们越南没有下跪。越南明白，只有利益才是永恒的。

答案就是这么简单。

越南会比较如果保留关税所能获得的收益，和如果取消关税向美国出售产品所能获得的收益。毫无疑问，出售越南产品所带来的收益要高于那点关税收入。

那就零关税呗。

CaiLei

Circumstance change with the passage of time.

After Trump announced a 46% tariff on Vietnam, the Vietnamese leader immediately called Trump. According to Trump, Vietnam even stated that it was willing to reduce tariffs to zero as long as an agreement was reached. Trump was very happy. After all, this was the first foreign leader who took the initiative to contact him after he imposed tariffs.

But will Trump accept Vietnam's initiative to show weakness? No, Trump did not agree and made more demands.

时移世易。

特朗普宣布对越南征收46%的关税后，越南领导人立即致电特朗普。据特朗普所说，越南甚至表示，只要能达成协议，它愿意将关税降至零。特朗普非常高兴，毕竟这是他加征关税后，第一位主动联系他的外国领导人。

但特朗普会接受越南主动示弱的举动吗？不会，特朗普没有同意，还提出了更多要求。

To understand Vietnam's "kneeling in 1 seconds" strategy, we must first understand a little-known fact:

Vietnam's economic lifeline is firmly controlled by foreign trade with the United States!!!

Moreover, the more it is touted by the United States and the Western media as ‘the next China’ and ‘the economy that will replace China in the future’, the more it is actually firmly controlled by the United States.

You guessed it, I mean the mighty India.

要理解越南“一秒钟就屈服”的策略，我们首先得了解一个鲜为人知的事实：

越南的经济命脉牢牢掌控在与美国的对外贸易上！！！

而且，它越是被美国和西方媒体吹捧为“下一个中国”“未来将取代中国的经济体”，实际上就越是被美国牢牢控制。

你猜对了，我这里说的是实力强大的印度。

In terms of numbers, Vietnam's exports to the United States account for one-third of Vietnam's GDP, which is much higher than the proportion of other countries. We all know that "eggs cannot be put in one basket", but Vietnam just concentrates all its eggs in the basket of the United States. In other words, once the basket of the United States is broken, Vietnam's economic myth will collapse immediately.

1. Vietnam's industrial chain level is too low-end.

Shoes, clothing, furniture, electronics, and other labor-intensive products are Vietnam's main exports to the United States. You can imagine that more than half of Nike's shoes are made in Vietnam, but the "big head" of the profit has long been in Nike USA Headquarters's pocket; the Vietnamese do only the assembly process, the income is only a very low-tech processing fees. This model makes Vietnam more like a "porter" in the global economic chain, earning only a fraction. Once the factory moves or the tariff is raised, the Vietnamese economy is likely to return to the starting point overnight.

从数据上看，越南对美国的出口额占越南国内生产总值（GDP）的三分之一，这一比例远高于其他国家。我们都知道“不能把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里”，但越南却偏偏把所有鸡蛋都集中放在了美国这个篮子里。也就是说，一旦美国这个篮子破了，越南的经济神话将立刻崩塌。

1. 越南的产业链水平过于低端。

鞋子、服装、家具、电子产品等劳动密集型产品是越南对美国的主要出口商品。你可以想象，耐克超过一半的鞋子都在越南生产，但利润的“大头”早就进了美国耐克总部的口袋；越南人只负责组装环节，收入仅仅是非常低技术含量的加工费。这种模式使得越南在全球经济链条中更像是一个“搬运工”，只能赚到极少的一部分钱。一旦工厂搬走或者关税提高，越南经济很可能一夜之间就回到原点。

2. What's more terrible is that Vietnam has no economic weapons to fight back against the United States.

China can restrict the export of key raw materials, Canada provides key minerals or energy to the United States, but Vietnam has no bargaining chips in these areas and even has to rely on China's raw materials to manufacture export goods. Factory statistics once showed that 67% of Vietnam's clothing raw materials had to be imported from China, while electronic products relied on Chinese parts. So Vietnam's "kneeling" is not due to self-esteem, but the fate determined by its economic structure that it cannot get rid of.

3. Vietnam's kneeling this time seems to have kept the market for exports to the United States, but this kind of surrender will eventually make itself fall into a deeper dependence.

Vietnam's dependence on Chinese raw materials is intertwined with its dependence on demand from the U.S. market, and one cannot exst without the other. Without orders from the United States, Vietnam's manufacturing sector would be in the doldrums; without China's supply chain, Vietnam's shoe and electronics factories would have to close. The Vietnamese economy is essentially trapped in a ‘lose-lose’ situation in the global industrial chain. At one end, Chinese businessmen make money through the supply of raw materials, and at the other end, American businessmen take most of the profits through their domestic consumer goods market. All the Vietnamese get is the assembly workers' hard-earned money. This model is not a sustainable economic miracle.

2. 更糟糕的是，越南没有经济武器来反击美国。

中国可以限制关键原材料的出口，加拿大能为美国提供关键矿产或能源，但越南在这些领域没有谈判筹码，甚至在制造出口商品时还得依赖中国的原材料。工厂数据统计曾显示，越南67%的服装原材料必须从中国进口，而电子产品则依赖中国的零部件。所以越南的“屈服”并非出于自尊心的考量，而是其经济结构所决定的、无法摆脱的命运。

3. 越南这次的屈服看似保住了对美国的出口市场，但这种投降最终会让自己陷入更深的依赖之中。

越南对中国原材料的依赖，与其对美国市场需求的依赖相互交织，二者缺一不可。没有来自美国的订单，越南的制造业就会陷入低迷；没有中国的供应链，越南的鞋厂和电子厂就得关门。从本质上讲，越南经济在全球产业链中陷入了一种“双输”的境地。一端是中国商人通过供应原材料赚钱，另一端是美国商人通过国内消费品市场获取大部分利润。越南所得到的只是装配工人的血汗钱。这种模式并非是可持续的经济奇迹。

Many young Vietnamese workers have also begun to question that working in factories is so hard, but the monthly salary is only about 5 million VND ($193). What kind of economic prosperity is this? Some parents let their children drop out of school to work, but eventually find that they can only earn enough to feed their family but cannot escape poverty.

Cracks are begng to appear on the backside of Vietnam's economy: while on the surface the country's annual GDP growth rate is good, the gap between the rich and the poor and the lack of high-tech industries have left the country vulnerable.

In this tariff war, an unexpected fact surfaced that Vietnam's "kneeling" cannot be exchanged for actual benefits. The reason why Trump imposed high tariffs on Vietnam is not to suppress Vietnam, but to curb China's "re-export trade". What does it mean? Most of Vietnam's exports to the United States actually rely on China's supply chain. As long as Vietnam's tariffs are exempted, it is equivalent to indirectly allowing Chinese goods to "smuggle" into the US market through Vietnam - this is obviously what Trump does not want to see.

许多年轻的越南工人也开始质疑，在工厂工作如此辛苦，可月薪却只有大约500万越南盾（约193美元）。这算哪门子的经济繁荣呢？一些父母让孩子辍学去打工，但最终发现他们只能勉强维持生计，却无法摆脱贫困。

越南经济的背后开始出现裂痕：表面上该国的年度GDP增长率不错，但贫富差距以及高科技产业的匮乏，让这个国家变得十分脆弱。

在这场关税战中，一个出乎意料的事实浮出水面，即越南的“屈服”并不能换来实际利益。特朗普对越南征收高关税的原因，并非是要打压越南，而是为了遏制中国的“转口贸易”。这是什么意思呢？越南对美国的出口，大部分实际上依赖于中国的供应链。只要越南的关税被免除，就相当于间接允许中国商品通过越南“走私”进入美国市场——这显然是特朗普不想看到的。

Yousuf Khan

You do know that tariffs aren’t actually a war of conquest, right? Vietnam did beat the US in 1975, in an actual war. If you’re going to count every trade dispute settlement as the same as conquest, then every country in the world has been conquered in the world, including the Americans.

你肯定知道，关税实际上并非是一场征服之战，对吧？越南确实在1975年的战争中打败了美国。如果你打算把每一次贸易争端的解决都等同于被征服的话，那么世界上的每个国家都曾被征服过，包括美国人自己。

Mats Petersson

Because they are practical about it. I’m not sure exactly what “deal” they have with Trump, but they are a very small importer from the US, but exports a lot, including factories run by for example Nike producing shoes in Vietnam. They do not want the tariff to harm their country.

Trump’s reign is temporary. Lost trade may take a lot longer to regain, than Trump’s reign.

因为他们在这件事上很务实。我不知道他们和特朗普达成了怎样的“交易”，但越南从美国的进口量非常少，却大量向美国出口商品，比如有耐克公司在越南开办的工厂生产鞋子。他们不希望关税对自己的国家造成损害。

特朗普的执政时期是短暂的。相比特朗普的执政时长，失去的贸易份额要重新夺回可能需要很长时间

Jonathan Stubley

There is a difference between being invaded and resistance and Trump's version of how a country's government reacted. The people of Vietnam resisted, the government of Vietnam might have called the Trump administration for talks about trade - rather different things.

被侵略与进行抵抗，和特朗普所描述的一个国家政府的应对方式之间，是有区别的。越南人民进行了抵抗，而越南政府可能只是致电特朗普政府，就贸易问题展开谈判——这是两码事。

Bernard

Why focus on Vietnam response to Trumps tariffs? Vietnam is a small country and the US is BIG! Don’t you think what matters more is China’s response to Trump’s tariffs? So far China hasn’t been doing much kneeling down.

为什么要把重点放在越南对特朗普关税的回应上呢？越南是个小国，而美国是个大国！难道你不觉得更重要的是中国对特朗普关税的回应吗？到目前为止，中国可没怎么表现出屈服的样子。

Stephen

I doubt the veracity of the comment that Vietnam kneeled down to the US. Vietnam is a proud, hard-working Nation. Please show some wording that……we kneeled to the US. Thank you.

我怀疑有关越南向美国“屈服”这一说法的真实性。越南是一个自豪且勤劳的国家。请给出一些证据，证明我们越南向美国屈服了。谢谢。

Goodi Shang

The Vietnamese claimed that they had never surrendered in order to maintain their national self-esteem.

The French eventually left Vietnam, so the Vietnamese eventually won.

This is the logic of the Vietnamese.

越南人声称，为了维护自己的民族自尊心，他们从未投降过。

法国人最终离开了越南，越南人最终胜利了。

这就是越南人的逻辑。

If the French invade Vietnam again and rule Vietnam, the Vietnamese will become slaves again. Then this situation cannot be considered surrender, but only temporary forbearance. In the end, the Vietnamese will drive out the French again, become the winner, and claim that they have not surrendered.

Under this logic, no country in the world can defeat Vietnam, not even aliens. The Vietnamese will eventually drive out the aliens and become the winner.

如果法国人再次入侵越南并统治越南，越南人将再次沦为奴隶。那么这种情况不能被视为投降，而只是暂时的隐忍。最终，越南人会再次驱逐法国人，成为胜利者，并宣称他们没有投降。

按照这种逻辑，世界上没有哪个国家能打败越南，甚至外星人也不行。越南人最终会驱逐外星人并成为胜利者。

On the tariff issue between the United States and Vietnam, Vietnam did not surrender, they just used negotiation skills, and eventually the United States and Vietnam would reach an agreement, and Vietnam would continue to make money from the United States. Therefore, Vietnam is still the winner in the end.

Vietnamese people always use their own logic to redefine words like failure, surrender, kneeling, victory, etc., so that there is never failure, surrender, or kneeling, and there is always victory. This is an article answered by a Vietnamese person. Let's see how he defines kneeling. Kneeling to get benefits is not kneeling.

在美越之间的关税问题上，越南没有投降，他们只是运用了谈判技巧，最终美国和越南会达成协议，越南会继续从美国赚钱。所以，越南最终仍然是胜利者。

越南人总是用他们自己的逻辑来重新定义失败、投降、屈服、胜利等词汇，结果就是越南永远没有失败、投降或屈服，永远只有胜利。这是一位越南人给出的回答文章。让我们看看他是如何定义“屈服”的。为了获取利益而做出的类似“屈服”的行为不算屈服。